Antrim County

Solid Waste Management Plan Update

As Approved by Board of Commissioners

and Local Units of Government

February 18, 2000

AS REQUIRED BY SECTION 11539a OF

PART 115, SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT, OF

THE NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT

1994 PA 451, AS AMENDED

Antrim County

Solid Waste Management Plan Update

As Approved by Board of Commissioners

February 18, 2000

AS REQUIRED BY SECTION 11539a OF

PART 115, SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT, OF

THE NATURAL RESOURCES AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION ACT

1994 PA 451, AS AMENDED

DATE SUBMITTED TO THE DEQ: February 25, 2000

This solid waste management plan includes Antrim County. No other counties or municipalities outside the County have been included in this plan.

DESIGNATED PLANNING AGENCY Antrim County Planning Department
PREPARING THIS PLAN UPDATE:

CONTACT PERSON: Pete Garwood, Planning Director

ADDRESS:                                                                 Antrim County Planning Department
                                                                                    205 E. Cayuga, Room 206
                                                                                    Bellaire, MI 49615

PHONE: 616-533-6265

FAX: 616-533-8111

E-MAIL: garwood1@freeway.net

CENTRAL REPOSITORY LOCATION(S):           Antrim County Planning Department
                                                                                    205 E. Cayuga, Room 206
                                                                                    Bellaire, MI 49615

Antrim County Solid Waste Management Plan Update

As Approved by Board of Commissioners and Local Units of Government

February 18, 2000

Table of Contents

I-1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY.......................................................................................................... 1

OVERVIEW OF THE COUNTY................................................................................................ 1

THE SOLID WASTE PLANNING PROCESS........................................................................... 4

THE PLAN'S SELECTED ALTERNATIVE............................................................................. 4

AUTHORIZED MANAGEMENT COMPONENT................................................................... 8

TIMETABLE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE PLAN'S ENFORCEABLE PROGRAM........... 10

I-2 INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................................... 11

GOALS AND OBJECTIVES...................................................................................................... 11

II-1 DATA BASE.............................................................................................................................. 15

RESIDENTIAL WASTE GENERATION.................................................................................. 15

COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL WASTE GENERATION....................................................... 16

MAJOR WASTE GENERATORS............................................................................................. 16

SPECIAL WASTE STREAMS................................................................................................... 17

TOTAL WASTE GENERATION............................................................................................... 17

TOTAL WASTE DISPOSAL...................................................................................................... 17

II-2 SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL AREAS........................................................................................ 19

II-3 SOLID WASTE FACILITY DESCRIPTIONS......................................................................... 20

II-4 SOLID WASTE COLLECTION SERVICES /TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE.. 29

II-5 EVALUATIONS OF DEFICIENCIES AND PROBLEMS...................................................... 30

II-6 DEMOGRAPHICS.................................................................................................................... 31

II-7 LAND DEVELOPMENT........................................................................................................... 32

II-8 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ALTERNATIVES.............................................................. 33

III-1 THE SELECTED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM............................................ 35

III-2 IMPORT AUTHORIZATION................................................................................................. 40

CURRENT IMPORT VOLUME AUTHORIZATION OF SOLID WASTE............................ 40

FUTURE IMPORT VOLUME AUTHORIZATION OF SOLID WASTE................................ 41

III-3 EXPORT AUTHORIZATION................................................................................................. 43

CURRENT EXPORT VOLUME AUTHORIZATION OF SOLID WASTE............................. 44

FUTURE EXPORT VOLUME AUTHORIZATION OF SOLID WASTE................................ 45

III-4 SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL AREAS....................................................................................... 47

III-5 SOLID WASTE COLLECTION SERVICES & TRANSPORTATION................................. 63

III-6 RESOURCE CONSERVATION EFFORTS:.......................................................................... 64

III-7 WASTE REDUCTION, RECYCLING AND COMPOSTING................................................ 64

VOLUME REDUCTION TECHNIQUES.................................................................................. 64

OVERVIEW OF RESOURCE RECOVERY AND RECYCLING PROGRAMS...................... 65

RECYCLING AND COMPOSTING PROGRAMS................................................................... 65

IDENTIFICATION OF RESOURCE RECOVERY MANAGEMENT ENTITIES:................ 76

PROJECTED DIVERSION RATES:......................................................................................... 77

MARKET AVAILABILITY FOR COLLECTED MATERIALS:............................................ 77

EDUCATIONAL AND INFORMATIONAL PROGRAMS:.................................................... 78

III-8 TIMETABLE FOR SELECTED SYSTEM IMPLEMENTATION....................................... 79

III-9 SITING REVIEW PROCEDURES.......................................................................................... 80

AUTHORIZED DISPOSAL AREA TYPES............................................................................... 80

SITING CRITERIA AND PROCESS......................................................................................... 81

DEFINITION OF THE FACILITY SITING COMMITTEE.................................................... 89

MINIMUM STANDARD SITING CRITERIA......................................................................... 90

III-10 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT COMPONENTS............................................................ 95

NEEDS OF THE MANAGEMENT COMPONENT................................................................. 95

DEVELOPMENT OF THE MANAGEMENT COMPONENT................................................ 95

IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MANAGEMENT COMPONENT......................................... 96

III-11 IDENTIFICATION OF RESPONSIBLE PARTIES............................................................. 100

III-12 LOCAL ORDINANCES AND REGULATIONS ................................................................. 102

III-13 CAPACITY CERTIFICATIONS........................................................................................... 103

APPENDIX A: ADDITIONAL INFORMATION REGARDING THE SELECTED SYSTEM..... A-1

EVALUATION OF RECYCLING.............................................................................................. A-1

EVALUATION SUMMARY OF THE SELECTED SYSTEM:................................................. A-8

APPENDIX B: NON-SELECTED SYSTEMS.................................................................................. B-1

APPENDIX C: PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND APPROVAL..................................................... C-1

APPENDIX D: PLAN IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGY............................................................. D-1

ATTACHMENTS............................................................................................................................. ATT-1

RESOLUTIONS.......................................................................................................................... ATT-A

LISTED CAPACITY................................................................................................................... ATT-B

MAPS.......................................................................................................................................... ATT-C

INTER-COUNTY AGREEMENTS............................................................................................ ATT-D

DETAILED POPULATION DATA........................................................................................... ATT-E

SPECIAL CONDITIONS........................................................................................................... ATT-F

WASTE REDUCTION AND RECYCLING TELEPHONE SURVEY RESULTS.................... ATT-G

LETTER OF APPROVAL FROM MICHIGAN DEQ ............................................................. ATT-H

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

I-1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

The following summarizes the solid waste management system selected to manage the solid waste within Antrim County. In case of conflicting information between the executive summary and the remaining contents of the Plan update, the information provided in the main body of the plan update found on the following pages will take precedence over the executive summary.

The following summarizes the solid waste management system selected to manage the solid waste within the County.

OVERVIEW OF THE COUNTY

Antrim County is located in the northwestern part of the Lower Peninsula of Michigan with a total land area of approximately 305,280 acres or 477 square miles. Antrim County features a wealth of natural resources, including lakes, forests, agricultural land and urban areas. Approximately 70,214 acres or 23 percent of the county is farmland, 147,058 acres or 48.2 percent is forested, 16,398 acres or 5.4 percent is developed and 27,520 acres or 8.3 percent is inland waters.

The topography of the county varies in relief from an altitude of over 1500 feet above mean sea level in the northeast to less than 585 feet above mean sea level along the Lake Michigan shoreline in the southwestern part of the county. The gently rolling and hilly uplands which characterize Antrim County terminate in abrupt bluffs along the shoreline of Lake Michigan. Generally, Antrim County is suited for most types of development with the exception of areas of steep slopes and wetlands. Some of the steep hills left by glaciers have been developed into excellent ski resorts.

Surface Water

One of the county's most notable and impressive features is Elk River/Chain-of-Lakes watershed system which flows into Grand Traverse Bay at Elk Rapids. This hydrologic basin comprises 100 miles of connecting waterways. In addition, there are numerous small lakes and rivers including the Scenic Jordan River, a designated Natural River. Together the lakes and rivers in Antrim County make up an area of nearly 27,520 acres. The shoreline of Grand Traverse Bay is also a great natural resource of the county. Consisting of sandy beaches, it extends along the entire western boundary for a distance of 13 miles.

Soils

Soil Types in Antrim County range from sands and related light soils to heavy clay loams. Well-drained sandy soils dominate most of the county and are associated with the glacial till and outwash plains of northwestern Michigan. Shale outcroppings around Ellsworth have provided raw material for the cement industry of Petoskey and Charlevoix. Poorly drained soils comprise much of the low areas around the lakes and streams of the county. The Jordan River flood plain constitutes the largest such area in Antrim County.

One soil grouping to note is sand soil on dunes and lake plains. This is a level to moderately steep excessively drained soil. It is dry, infertile and generally is unsuited for agriculture. Steep areas are severely limited for residential development and subject to extreme wind and water erosion. For more accurate information, consult the Soils Survey of Antrim County, Michigan (U.S.D.A. Soil Conservation Service, 1978).

Climate

The varied soil and climatic conditions in Antrim County provide the basis for diversified agricultural activities. The area once supported a hardwood forest and the cutover land left by lumbering operations proved of little value for agricultural uses. Most soils are composed of sand or sandy loams, incapable of retaining much moisture and of low fertility.

Transportation System

Antrim County is well served by a network of State and local roads. U.S. 131 runs from approximately the middle of the county's southern boundary to the northeast corner of the county and connects the area with Cadillac and Grand Rapids to the south as well as the Straits of Mackinaw to the north. U.S. 31 runs along the western portion of Antrim County and connects the area with Traverse City to the south and Charlevoix and Petoskey to the north. State Highway M-66 runs from Mancelona north to Charlevoix. M-32 runs through northeastern Antrim County and ties in with Gaylord to the east and East Jordan to the north. M-88 connects Eastport, Central Lake, Bellaire and Mancelona. An extensive system of paved and gravel roads connect outlying areas with these State and Federal highways. These county roads are located primarily on a one mile grid system.

Land Use

Land use and projected future changes can impact the solid waste system in many ways, including siting of future facilities. For purposes of this plan, the general land use of Antrim County can be divided into four categories: developed, agriculture and open space, forested and Public Land.

A somewhat dated study, the 1964 Antrim County Comprehensive Plan documented data pertaining to the economy, land use, parks, schools, transportation network and population estimates. This study provided a land use plan which identified anticipated development trends and established land use proposals to direct this growth into planned development patterns throughout the county. The county adopted a Development Coordinating Committee to oversee subdivision development, and a Building Code in 1974, but other land use regulations and controls were not implemented. To date, seven townships and one village in Antrim County (Banks, Elk Rapids, Forest Home, Helena, Kearney, Milton, Torch Lake, and the Village of Elk Rapids) have zoning ordinances in effect.

Antrim County contains a large amount of agriculture and open space, forested, and public lands compared to developed land. The Bellaire area contains a large amount of industrial, commercial, institutional, and residential uses in the county.

Projected land uses for the 5 and 20 year period do not show major changes. Continued expansion of the parcels surrounding Bellaire, Elk Rapids, Mancelona will most likely occur and further development around inland lakes and rivers will continue over this time period.

Allocation of land under current conditions is shown in the chart below.

Land Use Type	% County Land
Surface Water	8.3%
Developed Land	5.4%
State forest land	23%
Agriculture	23%
Total forested	48.2%

Population

Population counts, estimates and projections are essential to effective solid waste management planning. Rarely does any community have an exact current population count. While the decade house to house census carried out by the U.S. Census Bureau forms our most reliable date, normal errors still occur from many factors including the incidence of seasonal migration. The numbers presented in this plan were compiled from sources available at the time. However, a re-analysis of the 1990 census data is recommended, as soon as it is available, by the Antrim County Planning Commission and/or staff to see if significant changes are recorded. 1990 Census figures will be used in the next update to the Antrim County Solid Waste Management Plan.

The 1980 U.S. Census of Antrim County indicated a population of 16,194. By 1998, population projections compiled by the Northwest Michigan Council of Governments estimated the number the number of persons at more than 21,000. Current population by municipality is characterized in the chart below. In addition to the projected growth of year-round residents, the population of the county increases seasonally. This is due to many factors including second home ownership, migrant labor, tourists, and other transients. Due to the large variation in seasonal population, good estimates of seasonal population are not available. By the height of the tourist season, (late summer), it has been estimated that the county experiences a population swell by an additional 25%. This is a general conservative estimate rendered for the county.

Employment, as reported to by the U.S Bureau of the Census, shows the civilian labor force in 1995 was 4,426 employees. Of total employees in 1995, the most were employed in the service sector, at 1,715. Manufacturing employed just over 1,000. Note that these figures do not include individual farm employment.

Projected growth trends forecasts the population for the county to increase by 13% over the next ten years. The table below shows 1998 population month by month, and by municipality. This illustrates how the fluctuating seasonal population affects the total population.

1998 Estimated Seasonal Population - Antrim County

	Jan	Feb	Mar	Apr	May	Jun	Jul	Aug	Sep	Oct	Nov	Dec	Avg.
Seasonal Multiplier	1.11	1.12	1.13	1.11	1.16	1.37	1.38	1.39	1.18	1.17	1.15	1.14	1.22
Ellsworth village	529	534	539	529	553	653	658	663	562	558	548	543	581
Banks township	1416	1429	1441	1416	1480	1748	1760	1773	1505	1492	1467	1454	1556
Central Lake village	1224	1235	1246	1224	1279	1510	1521	1532	1301	1290	1268	1257	1345
Central Lake towns.	1249	1260	1271	1249	1305	1541	1553	1564	1328	1316	1294	1283	1373
Chestonia township	519	524	529	519	543	641	645	650	552	547	538	533	571
Custer township	815	822	830	815	852	1006	1013	1021	866	859	844	837	896
Echo township	992	1001	1009	992	1036	1224	1233	1242	1054	1045	1027	1018	1090
Elk Rapids village	2086	2105	2124	2086	2180	2575	2594	2612	2218	2199	2161	2143	2293
Elk Rapids township	969	978	986	969	1013	1196	1205	1213	1030	1021	1004	995	1065
Bellaire village (pt.)	616	622	627	616	644	761	766	772	655	650	638	633	677
Forest Home towns.	1200	1211	1222	1200	1254	1481	1492	1503	1276	1265	1243	1232	1319
Helena township	1084	1094	1103	1084	1133	1338	1348	1357	1152	1143	1123	1113	1191
Jordan township	755	762	768	755	789	932	938	945	802	796	782	775	830
Bellaire village (pt.)	788	795	802	788	823	972	979	986	837	830	816	809	866
Kearney township	1100	1110	1120	1100	1149	1357	1367	1377	1169	1159	1139	1129	1209
Mancelona village	1745	1760	1776	1745	1823	2153	2169	2185	1855	1839	1808	1792	1918
Mancelona township	2331	2352	2373	2331	2436	2877	2898	2919	2478	2457	2415	2394	2562
Milton township	1900	1917	1934	1900	1986	2345	2362	2379	2020	2003	1969	1951	2088
Star township	745	751	758	745	778	919	926	932	792	785	771	765	818
Torch Lake township	987	996	1005	987	1032	1218	1227	1236	1050	1041	1023	1014	1085
Warner township	372	376	379	372	389	460	463	466	396	393	386	383	409
Antrim County Total	23421	23632	23843	23421	24476	28907	29118	29329	24898	24687	24265	24054	25742

THE SOLID WASTE PLANNING PROCESS

The Designated Planning Agency (DPA) and the Solid Waste Planning Committee (SWPC) completed a comprehensive strategic planning process that outlined strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that are part of the current and potential future solid waste management system that services the County. This analysis was used to create goals and objectives which are provided immediately after this Executive Summary. These goals and the strategic analysis formed the basis for developing the solid waste management strategy and the selected alternative that is described in this Plan as the Plan's Enforceable Program and Process as provided for in Part 115, Section 11533 (1) of the Michigan Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act (NREPA).

In developing the Plan's Enforceable Program and Process the DPA and SWPC first screened out strategies that were technically or economically unsuitable for the County. The DPA and SWPC then reviewed a set of solid waste management program strategies in the following eight areas that were viewed as technically and economically feasible:

• Clean Community • Recycling Incentives

• Drop-Off Residential Recycling • Curbside Residential Recycling

• Residential Yard Waste Composting • Commercial Recycling

• Material Transfer and Processing • Disposal

These program strategies were assembled as System Alternatives that varied by level of landfill diversion, capital and operating cost and implementation requirements. At this stage in the strategic planning process, some of the Strategic Alternatives were determined to be unsuitable for the County based on an evaluation of the overall technical and economic feasibility of each approach and its ability to:

• build on the strengths of the local and regional situation,

• address current deficiencies and weaknesses,

• work with organizational approaches that the County is willing to consider,

• be fundable through systems that the County can implement,

• respond to and build community involvement and support,

• be enforceable, and

• set measurable goals that can be tracked to determine progress.
Appendix B of the Plan contains further detail regarding the System Alternatives that were not selected as part of the Plan's Enforceable Program.

The strategic planning process was carried through to final conclusions regarding the program strategies that would make up the Plan's Selected Alternative and become the foundation for the Plan's Enforceable Program as required by statute. The strategic planning process included surveying of the views of key stakeholders in the planning process, and others considered to be critical to implementation of the plan - primarily local government officials. The Selected Alternative is described briefly below and in the balance of the Plan with further detail provided in Appendix A of the Plan.

THE PLAN'S SELECTED ALTERNATIVE

During Years 1 through 10 of the Planning Period the Plan's Enforceable Program provides for the implementation of System Alternative 1 in the first three years as Phase 1 and System Alternative 2 in years 4 through 10 as Phase II. These are described below, detailed further in Part III of this Plan with additional supporting material provided in Appendix A:

During Years 1 through 3 of the Planning Period, the County will implement System Alternative 1 as follows:

ANTRIM COUNTY SYSTEM ALTERNATIVE 1 PHASE 1
EXPANDED CLEAN COMMUNITY AND DROP-OFF RECYCLING PROGRAM

Key features include a Clean Community program that operates at highly effective levels. Incentives to recycle boost program performance, increasing tons and lowering unit costs. Expanded recycling drop-off capabilities are made available throughout the County at permanent sites open for longer periods of time each week. Arrangements are made for processing of recyclables that allows complete or partial commingling of paper products (commingled fibers) and complete or partial commingling of containers (commingled containers), increasing the types of materials that can be recovered and further increasing overall convenience. Direct haul of collected solid waste to regional landfills would remain as the standard practice although more options for local drop-off by residents would become available.

Following is a more detailed description of the specific program elements that are part of this Phase 1 of the Selected Alternative and the Plan's Enforceable Program. Specific details on who will implement Phase 1 of the Plan's Enforceable Program are covered in the next section addressing the Plan's Authorized Management Program. The timing of implementation of the Plan's Enforceable Program are then provided in the Plan's Timetable for Implementation that follows. The County's Solid Waste Program, implemented jointly by units of government within the county in cooperation with other public agencies and private firms will include the following features:

Antrim County Selected System Alternative Phase 1:
Detailed System Component Descriptions

Clean Community:

Comprehensive solid waste collection services would be made available to all households and businesses in the County. Illegal dumping and litter would be policed with enforcement of violations. Spring/fall cleanup days would be provided in more urban areas with scavenging/trading/reuse encouraged and recycling of as many materials left as possible. Household hazardous waste collection services would be provided and expanded to include collection of small quantities of agricultural pesticides and herbicides. Adopt a "____" programs would be organized with volunteers and business/service group sponsorship for periodic cleaning of roadsides, streambanks, lakeshores, parks and forests.

Recycling Incentives:

Proactive education and promotion strategies would encourage responsible solid waste management and strong reduce/reuse/recycle behavior. Pay As You Throw (PAYT) programs would be widespread throughout the County and heavily promoted. Recycling drop-offs would add more materials to encourage overall participation in program by more citizens and businesses. An ambitious outreach and education program would promote all aspects of the expanded system and improvements.

Drop-Off Residential Recycling:

A permanent network of drop-off sites for recycling would be located in the County, open at convenient hours most days of the week. Material would be collected in a more commingled form to make use of the drop-off facilities easier. A wide variety of recyclable materials would be collected at each of the drop-off sites. Existing drop-off stations in Elk Rapids and Central Lake would be improved, and new sites established possibly near Mancelona, Bellaire, the Elmira area and Alden.

Curbside Residential Recycling:

Subscription curbside recycling would be available for residents that were willing to make their own arrangements for the service with area haulers.

Residential Yard Waste Composting:

Fall leaf collection would be provided in Mancelona, Elk Rapids, Central Lake and Bellaire. Backyard composting would be encouraged through distribution of backyard bins at discount rates. At least one and possibly more permanent drop-off options for yard waste would be provided throughout the County. Elk Rapids would be a likely location for a permanent collection site for seasonal yard waste. An active compost management program would be pursued.

Commercial Recycling:

Businesses would be encouraged to use the drop-off recycling network for smaller volumes of commingled paper and commingled containers. Arrangements would be made for larger volumes to be delivered to a site capable of handling compacted or loose loads of commercial recyclables. Businesses would be encouraged to contract with their hauler for collection of cardboard and other high volume recyclable materials. Elk Rapids may be a good prospect for a site which would accept larger loads of commercial recyclables.

Material Transfer and Processing:

Arrangements would be made to provide access to a material recovery facility (MRF) to service all recycling collectors in the system. These arrangements would ideally include guarantees that sufficient capacity was available to meet the County's needs over the long term. Ideally the facility would be able to process commingled containers and commingled fibers as well as handle presorted recyclables like OCC. The Emmet County Transfer Station remains the best processing prospect, however, the Waste Management, Inc. (former United/USA Waste) facility in Grand Traverse County could also be considered.

Disposal:

Existing landfills in the region would be used with direct haul by compacting collection vehicles being the primary method of transportation to the landfills. Existing drop-off facilities for solid waste would be available.

During Years 4 through 10 of the Planning Period, the County will implement System Alternative 2 as follows:

ANTRIM COUNTY SYSTEM ALTERNATIVE 2 PHASE 2
EXPANDED CLEAN COMMUNITY AND CURBSIDE RECYCLING PROGRAM

Key features include a Clean Community program that operates at highly effective levels making sure that disposal and recycling services are provided in all areas of the County. Incentives to recycle boost program performance, increasing tonnage and lowering unit costs. Expanded recycling drop-off capabilities are developed at one or more flagship sites with other drop-off sites provided on a permanent basis. Development of curbside programs for cities, villages and towns is pursued in order to increase convenience for large sector of population. Expanding the types of materials at both drop-offs and curbside is made possible through arrangements with a processing facility that is capable of accepting recyclables that are more commingled than current practice allows. Commercial recycling is also further developed to increase convenience and diversion. Organics management options are made available throughout the year with the addition of one or more drop-offs for yard waste and development of an active compost program. The county would work with adjacent counties to coordinate on a ban on certain materials being landfilled with an effective date targeted for a period 5 years away should specific diversion levels not be reached. This is coordinated with adjacent counties and all available transfer stations and regional disposal options.

Following is a more detailed description of the specific program elements that are part of this Phase 2 of the Selected Alternative and the Plan's Enforceable Program. Specific details on who will implement Phase 2 of the Plan's Enforceable Program are covered in the next section covering the Plan's Authorized Management Program. The timing of implementation of the Plan's Enforceable Program are then provided in the Plan's Timetable for Implementation that follows. The County's Solid Waste Program, implemented jointly by units of government within the county in cooperation with other public agencies and private firms will include the following features:

Antrim County Selected System Alternative Phase 2:
Detailed System Component Descriptions

Clean Community:

Comprehensive solid waste collection services would be made available to all households and businesses in the County. Illegal dumping and litter would be policed with enforcement of violations. Spring/fall cleanup days would be provided in more urban areas with scavenging/trading/reuse encouraged and recycling of as many materials left as possible. Household hazardous waste collection services would be provided including collection of agricultural pesticides and herbicides -- all coordinated from a single permanent drop-off site. Adopt a "____" programs would be organized with volunteers and business/service group sponsorship for periodic cleaning of roadsides, streambanks, lakeshores, parks and forests.

Recycling Incentives:

Proactive education and promotion strategies would encourage responsible solid waste management and strong reduce/reuse/recycle behavior. Pay As You Throw (PAYT) programs would be evaluated, refined and emphasized throughout the County in all solid waste collection arrangements. Recycling collection programs as well as drop-offs would add more materials to encourage overall participation in program by more citizens and businesses. The County would coordinate with the counties that they export waste to in order to implement a ban on landfilling of certain materials (cardboard and newspaper as examples) that would be targeted for an effective date 3 to 5 years in the future. This will provide a further incentive for increased adoption and participation in recovery programs.

Drop-Off Residential Recycling:

A permanent network of drop-off sites for recycling would be located in the County, open at convenient hours most days of the week. Arrangements for processing of material would be made to allow recyclables to be collected in a commingled form to make use of the drop-offs easier - coordinated with development of the capability to process this material at the processor. At least two of the drop-off sites would be developed into "flagship" drop-off sites that are staffed, have an educational component, and collect the largest number of different types of materials.

Curbside Residential Recycling:

Two stream commingled curbside recycling would be provided to all residents in a designated curbside service district that included most villages/towns/cities as well as other densely populated areas. Subscription service outside this district would be strongly encouraged..

Residential Yard Waste Composting:

Fall leaf collection would be provided in all villages/town/cities. Backyard composting would be encouraged through distribution of backyard bins at discount rates. A similar mulching mower program would encourage grass cycling. Permanent drop-off options for yard waste would be provided throughout the County with at least one "flagship" site taking all types of yard waste and providing finished compost for distribution to residents. An active compost management program would be pursued.

Commercial Recycling:

Arrangements would be made for a permanent site for businesses to drop-off a wide variety of recyclables including commingled containers and commingled paper (as recycling facility capabilities are upgraded). A business recycling service district would be established and businesses within the district encouraged to contract for the recycling collection services provided by licensed haulers.

Material Transfer and Processing:

Arrangements would be made for a material recovery facility (MRF) to be available to all recycling collectors in the system. The facility would be able to process commingled containers and commingled fibers as well as presorted recyclables like OCC. Commercial recyclables would be able to be tipped at the facility for a reasonable fee that was lower than the tipping fee at area landfills. Some capability would be provided to remove contaminants and small quantities of solid waste from loads of recyclables.

Disposal:

Existing landfills in the region would be used with direct haul by compacting collection vehicles being the primary method of transportation to the landfills. A network of two or more drop-off facilities for solid waste would be available including a "flagship" site that took other types of waste (bulky, C&D, etc.) with this system preferably located at same sites as recycling drop-offs. A waste transfer facility would be planned should direct haul options for landfilling no longer be available or be cost prohibitive. This option would most likely include a major upgrade of the Elk Rapids facility in order to receive C&D materials.

AUTHORIZED MANAGEMENT COMPONENT

The Selected Alternative as described above is established by this Plan as the Plan's Enforceable Program defining the Antrim County Solid Waste Management System, implemented jointly by units of government within the county in cooperation with other public agencies and private firms. The Plan's Enforceable Program includes a "Management Component" that defines details of who will take responsibility for implementation and how that will be accomplished. This Authorized Management Component is described briefly below and further detailed in Part III of the Plan under a section with the same name.

Development of an organizational and management structure as part of the Plan's Authorized Management Component is provided for as part of the Plan's Enforceable Program. These developments may take a number of forms and will only be initiated after an evaluation of the best steps that can be taken to build on the strengths of the current system already in place.

These action steps are expected to follow some, if not all, of the following description of an enhanced management system that will provide for a method of funding and implementing the selected alternative.

The following organizational/management system components are highlighted as part of the Authorized Management Component of the Plan's Enforceable Program, providing a means to implement the selected strategy.

• The Solid Waste and Recycling Office of Antrim County operating out of the Antrim County Planning Department would be established in this Plan as the “designated implementation agency” to take responsibility for necessary program development through public and private sector channels, working with the Solid Waste and Recycling Council (see below) and key stakeholders on the implementation process. The Office will be provided with continued staffing, supporting technical resources as well as a budget and all required delegated responsibilities in order to accomplish its task. Where appropriate, every effort will be made to link this implementation capability with other regional efforts out-of-county. As well, other alternate approaches for implementation will be allowed for should they be determined to be necessary including 1) a Department of Public Works, 2) a multi-governmental Authority organized as provided for in Michigan law; 3) a quasi-governmental consortium with staff provided by its member agencies (County and Cities); 4) a newly created non-profit agency; 5) an existing non-profit agency, or 6) contracting with a service provider.

• Establish a Solid Waste and Recycling Council as an advisory committee to the County Board that would function as the Plan's “implementation oversight committee” assigned the responsibility to facilitate program development through public and private sector channels, advising the County Board of Commissioners and key stakeholders on the implementation process. The Council will serve as the focal point for encouraging intergovernmental cooperation, regional collaboration and private sector participation as well as involving the local business sector and community groups. This Council could be made up of current members of the Waste Reduction Advisory Council and the Solid Waste Planning Committee.

• Full utilization of the statutory authorities and powers of the County and the organizational structure finally selected (as described in paragraph "A" above) as provided for by Michigan law, enabling support for implementation of the selected alternative and the Plan's Enforceable Program with appropriate legal, management and financial capabilities.

• Development of a comprehensive "Implementation Action Plan" covering all aspects of Solid Waste Plan program implementation, where specific milestones will be identified for the coming years -- serving as a road map to guide the Solid Waste and Recycling Council and the Solid Waste and Recycling Office of Antrim County. This action plan will have a strong emphasis on "planning to plan" in order to define required decisions, important decision factors, and expected timing/outcomes. The action plan format will also provide for a means to be updated on a regular basis based on monitoring of progress towards plan goals and targeted diversion rates and a mechanism for feeding these updates into the ordinance/contract structure should they need to be changed.

• Development and adoption of intergovernmental contracts between the County and participating local units of government that would activate the P.A. 138 funding system and take additional steps to assign certain powers and responsibilities to the County for coordinating programs funded by the P.A. 138 fees. This will require creation of an ordinance and administrative rules that coordinate the responsibilities delegated by the local units to the county. This will structure the basic framework of the solid waste and recycling system for the County and link it to the P.A. 138 funding mechanism and also incorporate hauler licensing and facility designation agreements as needed. Taking these steps will involve a negotiation process with communities in the County to identify and resolve specific issues that need to be addressed before the communities are comfortable with the planned approach. These communities as well as other key parties affected by the planned programs would need to be asked to participate in discussions on implementation details, scheduling and coordination issues. The resulting recommendations would then be incorporated into the Action Plan. This process should involve negotiations with nearby counties interested in working with the County on various program areas (e.g. recycling processing) so that these details can be worked out and incorporated into the Action Plan.

• System improvements, new services, required contracts and service arrangements (e.g. for recycling processing) would be further detailed, incorporated into the Action Plan and then implemented. Much of the implementation would be by private and/or non-profit or other governmental agencies with service contracts being the principal means to define services and the necessary flow of funds. In addition to the local intergovernmental contract, it is expected that service contracts would also be needed between the designated implementing agency and the recycling facility to be used. Other contracts may be needed for purchased services such as the household hazardous waste program.

• Upon implementation it is recommended that progress be tracked through methodical data compilation and analysis in order to measure, on an annual basis, overall waste generation, reduction and recycling, benchmark performance against goals, and target future implementation planning.

TIMETABLE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE PLAN'S ENFORCEABLE PROGRAM

The Plan's Enforceable Program includes an implementation timeline for the Plan's Authorized Management Component. The following table summarizes key milestones for implemented Plan's Enforceable Program and is further detailed in Part III of the Plan under a section with the same name.

Management Components	Timeline
1) Designate Solid Waste Plan Implementation Agency	1999
2) Designate Implementation Oversight Committee	1999
3) Develop/Adopt Implementation Action Plan	1999
4) Draft/Adopt Intergovernmental Agreements/Ordinance/Rules/Regs	1999
5) Preliminary Program Specifications for Planned Programs	1999
6) Establish Budgets for Planned Programs	1999
7) Finalize Funding Structure and Enforcement Mechanisms	1999
8) Contract for Recycling Processing Capacity	1999
9) Initiate all Outreach/Education Programs	1999
10) Procure all Other System Improvements	1999
11) Final Implementation of Funding Mechanisms	1999
12) Continued Evaluation of Need for Transfer Facility	2000-2008
13) Develop Transfer Facility if Needed	2000-2008
14) Preliminary Program Specifications for Planned Ph II Programs	2000-2001
15) Establish Budgets for Planned Phase II Programs	2000-2001
16) Finalize Any Upgrades to Funding Structure and Mechanisms	2000-2001
17) Initiate all Phase II outreach/education programs	2002-2008
18) Procure all other Phase II system improvements	2002-2008
19) Data Tracking to Assess Program Performance	Annual/Ongoing
20) Update Implementation Action Plan	Annual/Ongoing

I-2 INTRODUCTION

To comply with Part 115 and its requirements, the Antrim County Solid Waste Plan establishes an Enforceable Program and Process that is directed toward goals and objectives based on the purposes stated in Part 115, Section 11538.(1)(a), 11541.(4) and the State Solid Waste Policy adopted pursuant to this Section, and Administrative Rules 711 (b)(i) and (ii).

GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

Goals and Objectives for the Antrim County Plan's Enforceable Program and Process as adopted by the Solid Waste Planning Committee follow:

This Solid Waste Management Plan works toward the following goals through actions designed to meet the objectives described under the respective goals which they support:

Goal 1.0: Establish and maintain a high quality environment within Antrim County by developing and implementing a planned solid waste management system, which provides for the protection of public health and the natural environment through conserving natural resources.

Objective 1.1: Develop a solid waste management plan which provides adequate guidance for both short term and long term concerns.

Objective 1.2: Ensure that solid waste management methods comply with water and air quality standards.

Objective 1.3: Develop and enforce regulations governing odor, noise, and appearance of solid waste collection, recovery, disposal, and storage facilities.

Objective 1.4: Eliminate illegal dumping of waste in authorized areas by developing and enforcing a county ordinance which provides for fines and other penalties and encourage witness to report illegal dumping by offering cash rewards.

Objective 1.5: Encourage and support practices of volume reduction of solid waste.

Objective 1.6: Annually provide means for the proper disposal of household hazardous wastes.

Objective 1.7: Participate in or provide means for the proper disposal of waste generated by agricultural and manufacturing interests which may require special handling and disposal.

Objective 1.8: Annually provide means and submit evidence to the Michigan Department of Environmental Quality for at least sixty six months of landfill capacity for Antrim County's waste stream.

Goal 2.0: Educate the public in order to assure all citizens are properly informed and understand the solid waste management system within Antrim County

Objective 2.1: Establish a solid waste management educational program which makes information readily available to students in the Antrim County educational system.

Objective 2.2: Utilizing the available media (radio, T.V., newspapers, newsletters), provide advanced notification to citizens regarding the various solid waste management opportunities which exist, such as recycling, household hazardous waste collections, composting, and special planning concerns.

Objective 2.3: Involve and encourage citizen participation in all aspects of solid waste management, including education on costs of solid waste management facilities, funding alternatives, solid waste planning, resource recovery, and composting,

Objective 2.4: Involve and encourage the commercial/manufacturing sector of Antrim County to participate in waste reduction, recycling, and composting programs to reduce the amount of materials being disposed of in landfills.

Goal 3: Maintain support, and expand recycling programs and facilities to decrease the dependence on landfills for solid waste disposal.

Objective 3.1: Encourage local research and experimental efforts in volume reduction and recycling by private, governmental, and civic groups.

Objective 3.2: Support inter-county (regional) cooperation in the research and development of recycling and resource recovery programs and facilities.

Objective 3.3: Promote development of local industries which use recycled materials.

Objective 3.4: Encourage source separation of recyclables by providing drop off sites throughout the city.

Objective 3.5: Encourage reduction of non-recyclable materials in packaging.

Objective 3.6: Encourage solid waste management information sharing from private, public, and civic groups.

Objective 3.7: Encourage and pursue a county-wide coordinated recycling program for the County of Antrim.

Objective 3.8: Develop a waste exchange program with Antrim County which utilizes a waste exchange handbook which lists all the opportunities for recycling and the exchange of potential items which may still be available to other individuals/organizations.

Goal 4: Develop and implement a financially feasible solid waste management program.

Objective 4.1: Encourage development of multi-county disposal/recycling facilities which maximize energy and materials recovery while minimizing costs.

Objective 4.2: Develop recycling programs which are self-supporting

Objective 4.3: Where economically feasible, utilize private enterprise in the ownership and operation of solid waste management facilities

Goal 5: Provide for a solid waste management implementation program which best suites the solid waste management needs of Antrim County

Objective 5.1: Define the solid waste management authorities of the various units of government, private sector, and civic groups.

Objective 5.2: Identify opportunities for efficient and effective coordination between operations of solid waste facilities serving the various communities of northern lower and the State of Michigan.

Goal 6: Recommend being involved in waste-to-energy facilities as part of an integrated solid waste management program when technologically, economically, and environmentally feasible.

Objective 6.1: If solid waste management conditions warrant, identify and encourage additional inter-county research and cooperation in the development of waste-to-energy facilities.

Objective 6.2: Encourage work in identifying potential customers and markets which will purchase the energy form such facilities.

Goal 7: Develop inter-county and contingency agreements for collection. transportation, and disposal of solid waste to be utilized in the event that any portion of the primary system of use becomes unavailable.

Objective 7.1: Designate specific backup sites for all facilities included in the selected system.

Objective 7.2: Negotiate and sign inter-county agreements as needed for contingencies.

Objective 7.3: Encourage the use of landfills located in other regions of the state as a potential disposal option in order to assure the residents of Antrim County have economic feasible disposal of solid waste.

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II-1 DATA BASE

This section identifies sources of waste generation within the county, total quantity of solid waste generated to be disposed, and sources of the information

The following database is derived from the listed sources:

• County Business Patterns (1995)

• Northwest Michigan Council of Governments Population Study

• Local sources and interviews

• Resource Recycling Systems, Inc. data bases

Residential solid waste data was calculated by the consultant, Resource Recycling Systems, Inc. using rates between 2.6 and 3.0 pounds of solid waste generated per person per day (urban and resort areas) and 2.0 pounds per person per day for rural areas. These numbers were then modified to reflect seasonal population adjustments and overall population growth estimates for the next ten years. Finally, actual reported disposal and waste reduction data were used to adjust generation rates. These generation calculations are then presented as "centers of solid waste generation" in the chart below as required by the Plan Format. More detailed description of how estimates were calculated may be found in Attachment E.

Table II-1 Residential Waste Generation by Municipality

Municipality	1998 Tons	2003 Tons	2008 Tons
Ellsworth village	210	221	233
Balance of Banks township	559	601	641
Central Lake village	483	517	548
Balance of Central Lake twp	493	530	566
Chestonia township	205	220	235
Custer township	322	346	369
Echo township	392	421	449
Elk Rapids village	824	881	935
Balance of Elk Rapids twp	383	412	439
Bellaire village (pt.)	243	259	274
Balance of Forest Home twp	474	509	544
Helena township	428	460	491
Jordan township	298	320	342
Bellaire village (pt.)	311	330	348
Balance of Kearney twp	434	461	486
Mancelona village	689	733	774
Balance of Mancelona twp	921	989	1054
Milton township	751	807	861
Star township	294	316	337
Torch Lake township	390	419	448
Warner township	147	158	169
*Antrim County Total*	9,254	9,911	10,543

COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL WASTE GENERATION

Commercial waste generation was determined by multiplying estimated pounds per employee per day for specific Standard Industrial Codes (SIC) by the actual employment numbers in Antrim County. Pounds per employee per day figures were generated by Resource Recycling Systems based on previous SIC code-specific surveys and studies of business waste generation throughout the United States. Employment numbers were obtained for the year 1995 from U.S. Census data on County Business Patterns. Waste generation numbers were then modified based on actual reported waste generation by a phone survey of major generators within the County. The number of work days per year is assumed to be 260. The resulting waste generation calculations are presented below as "centers of generation" for commercial and industrial SIC groups, as required by the Plan Format.

Table II-2 Commercial/Industrial Waste Generation

SIC	SIC Description	## of employees (1995)*	pds/ person/ day	Tons/ year (1995)
0700-0999	Agriculture, Forestry, Fishing	36	5	23
1000-1499	Mining	40	4	21
1500-1999	Construction	268	23	801
2000-3999	Manufacturing	1,021	19	2,522
4000-4999	Transportation/Public Utilities	60	5	39
5000-5199	Wholesale trade	121	12	189
5200-5999	Retail trade	932	12	1,454
6000-6999	Finance, Insurance, Real Estate	198	16	412
7000-7999	Services	1,715	8	1,784
99--	Unclassified establishments	35	6	27
			12.64	7,272
			Average	Total

*from 1995 County Business Patterns Data

MAJOR WASTE GENERATORS

Table II-3 provides a list of major business and industrial waste generators in the County.

Table II-3 Major Waste Generators in Antrim County

Generator Name	Location	Description	# Empl
Dura Automotive Systems, Inc.	Mancelona	Auto parts	475
Lamina Bronze Products	Bellaire	Bronze products	125
Steel Tank & Fabricating	Mancelona	Steel tank manf.	120
Mancelona Manufacturing	Mancelona	Auto parts
Traverse Bay Manufacturing	Elk Rapids	Clothing & Acces
Shanty Creek/Schuss Mountain Resort	Bellaire	Golf/ski resort
Second Chance Body Armor	Central Lake	Manufacturer	72
Antrim County News		Printer
Burnett Foods, Inc.	Elk Rapids	Food processor	98-175
Great Lakes Packing Co.	Kewadin	Food processor	4-140+
Meeder Lumber & Dimension Products	Mancelona	Sawmill	30
Moeke Brothers Lumber	Mancelona	Lumber	16
Paris North, Div. of Paris Sawmill Inc.	Elmira	Sawmill	14

Antrim County continues to experience growth in the business sector, particularly retail and resort. Overall, the county does not anticipate major problems associated with managing the commercial and industrial solid waste generated within its borders.

Overall, the county does not anticipate major problems associated with managing the solid waste generated within its borders, although the number of solid waste haulers has decreased through recent mergers. This has raised concerns over lack of competition and increasing disposal prices.

SPECIAL WASTE STREAMS

Several industries in the County generate quantities of food processing waste, wood waste, sawdust and other special waste. To a major extent, this material is not currently landfilled.

TOTAL QUANTITY OF SOLID WASTE GENERATED:

Waste generation is shown in Tables II-4 below. Waste generation data was calculated using waste projection models (pounds per person per day for residential, and pounds per employee per day for commercial/industrial). Adjustments were made for seasonal population fluctuations and differences between rural and urban areas. Waste generation was projected into the future based on projected population growth patterns.

Table II-4: Total Waste Generated (Tons per year)

Sector	1998 Total Tons Generated	2003 Projected Tons Generated	2008 Projected Tons Generated
Residential	9,254	9,911	10,543
Commercial	4,750	5,314	5,653
Industrial	2,522	2,821	3,001
*Total Annual Tons*	16,850	18,047	19,197

TOTAL WASTE DISPOSAL

Table II-5 projects recovery (recycling and composting) for 1998 (based on actual tonnage reported for 1997) and projected for 2003 and 2008 assuming existing programs will grow according to the County's goals and objectives.

Table II-5: Program Recovery Estimates (tons per year)

	*1998*	*2003*	*2008*
Drop-off system	720	820	1,850
Curbside recycling	20	80	675
Commercial recycling	400	1,150	1,875
Yard waste	340	500	500
*Total Recovery*	1,480	2,550	4,900

These program recovery estimates were then applied to total waste generation estimates to determine the estimated disposal needs for the planning period, as shown in Table II-6 on the following page.

Table II-6: Total Disposal (tons per year)

Sector	1998 Total Tons Disposed	2003 Projected Tons Disposed	2008 Projected Tons Disposed
Residential	8,174	8,511	7,518
Commercial/Industrial	7,196	6,986	6,779
*Total Annual Tons*	15,370	15,497	14,297

II-2 SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL AREAS

The following includes an inventory and descriptions of all solid waste disposal areas within the County or to be utilized by the County to meet its disposal needs for the planning period.

Facilities used by Antrim County include:

• Kalkaska-Antrim Transfer Station operated by Northern A-1

• Central Lake Township Transfer Station

• Plum Valley Transfer Station

• Ellsworth Transfer Station

• Elk Rapids Transfer Station

• Cedar Ridge Landfill (WMI)

• Glen’s Landfill (WMI)

• Ken’s PS Type III Landfill (WMI)

• CES Waters Landfill (WMI)

Descriptions of these facilities follow.

II-3 SOLID WASTE FACILITY DESCRIPTIONS

Facility Type: Type A Transfer Station

Facility Name: Kalkaska/Antrim Transfer Station (Northern A-1 Services)

County: Kalkaska Location: Town T27N Range R7W Section(s) 4

Map identifying location included in Attachment Section: x Yes No

If facility is an Incinerator or a Transfer Station, list the final disposal site and location for Incinerator ash or Transfer Station wastes: Glen's Landfill or CES Waters Landfill

Public x Private Owner: U.S. Liquids

Operating Status (check) Waste Types Received (check all that apply)

x open x residential

closed x commercial

x licensed x industrial

unlicensed x construction & demolition

construction permit x contaminated soils

open, but closure pending special wastes *

other:

* Explanation of special wastes, including a specific list and/or conditions:

Site Size:

Total area of facility property: not applicable(NA)acres

Total area sited for use: NA acres

Total area permitted: acres

Operating: acres

Not excavated: acres

Current capacity:

Estimated lifetime: years

Estimated days open per year: 312 days

Estimated yearly disposal volume: NA

(if applicable)

Annual energy production:

Landfill gas recovery projects: NA megawatts

Waste-to-energy incinerators: NA megawatts

FACILITY DESCRIPTIONS

Facility Type: Type B Transfer Station

Facility Name: Central Lake Township Transfer Station

County: Antrim Location: Town T31N Range R8W Section(s) 16

Map identifying location included in Attachment Section: x Yes No

If facility is an Incinerator or a Transfer Station, list the final disposal site and location for Incinerator ash or Transfer Station wastes: Cedar Ridge Landfill or CES Waters Landfill

x Public Private Owner: Central Lake Township

Operating Status (check) Waste Types Received (check all that apply)

x open x residential

closed commercial

licensed industrial

NA unlicensed construction & demolition

construction permit contaminated soils

open, but closure pending special wastes *

other:

* Explanation of special wastes, including a specific list and/or conditions:

Also collects recyclables.

Site Size:

Total area of facility property: 7 acres

Total area sited for use: 7 acres

Total area permitted: acres

Operating: acres

Not excavated: acres

Current capacity:

Estimated lifetime: years

Estimated days open per year: 104 days

Estimated yearly disposal volume: 1,100 compacted cubic yards

(if applicable)

Annual energy production:

Landfill gas recovery projects: NA megawatts

Waste-to-energy incinerators: NA megawatts

FACILITY DESCRIPTIONS

Facility Type: Type B Transfer Station

Facility Name: Ellsworth Transfer Station

County: Antrim Location: Town 32N Range 8W Section(s)

Map identifying location included in Attachment Section: Yes No

If facility is an Incinerator or a Transfer Station, list the final disposal site and location for Incinerator ash or Transfer Station wastes: Cedar Ridge Landfill

Public x Private Owner: Kenneth Groesser operates on Banks Twp property

Operating Status (check) Waste Types Received (check all that apply)

x open x residential

closed commercial

licensed industrial

NA unlicensed construction & demolition

construction permit contaminated soils

open, but closure pending special wastes *

other:

* Explanation of special wastes, including a specific list and/or conditions:

Site Size:

Total area of facility property: acres

Total area sited for use: approx. 1 acres

Total area permitted: acres

Operating: acres

Not excavated: acres

Current capacity:

Estimated lifetime: years

Estimated days open per year: approx. 52 days

Estimated yearly disposal volume:

(if applicable)

Annual energy production:

Landfill gas recovery projects: NA megawatts

Waste-to-energy incinerators: NA megawatts

FACILITY DESCRIPTIONS

Facility Type: Type A Transfer Station

Facility Name: Plum Valley Transfer Station

County: Kalkaska Location: Town T28N Range R7W Section(s) 10

Map identifying location included in Attachment Section: X Yes No

If facility is an Incinerator or a Transfer Station, list the final disposal site and location for Incinerator ash or Transfer Station wastes: CES Waters Landfill

Public x Private Owner: William Kiel

Operating Status (check) Waste Types Received (check all that apply)

x open x residential

closed x commercial

x licensed x industrial

unlicensed x construction & demolition

construction permit contaminated soils

open, but closure pending special wastes *

other:

* Explanation of special wastes, including a specific list and/or conditions:

Site Size:

Total area of facility property: not applicable(NA)acres

Total area sited for use: NA acres

Total area permitted: acres

Operating: acres

Not excavated: acres

Current capacity:

Estimated lifetime: years

Estimated days open per year: NA days

Estimated yearly disposal volume: NA

(if applicable)

Annual energy production:

Landfill gas recovery projects: NA megawatts

Waste-to-energy incinerators: NA megawatts

FACILITY DESCRIPTIONS

Facility Type: Type B Transfer Station

Facility Name: Village of Elk Rapids Transfer Station

County: Antrim Location: Town T29N Range R9W Section(s) 16

Map identifying location included in Attachment Section: Yes No

If facility is an Incinerator or a Transfer Station, list the final disposal site and location for Incinerator ash or Transfer Station wastes: Glen's Landfill

x Public Private Owner: Village of Elk Rapids

Operating Status (check) Waste Types Received (check all that apply)

x open x residential

closed commercial

licensed industrial

NA unlicensed construction & demolition

construction permit contaminated soils

open, but closure pending special wastes *

other:

* Explanation of special wastes, including a specific list and/or conditions:

Site Size:

Total area of facility property: 80 acres

Total area sited for use: 0.5 acres

Total area permitted: acres

Operating: acres

Not excavated: acres

Current capacity:

Estimated lifetime: years

Estimated days open per year: 104 days

Estimated yearly disposal volume: 2,942 compacted cubic yards

(if applicable)

Annual energy production:

Landfill gas recovery projects: NA megawatts

Waste-to-energy incinerators: NA megawatts

FACILITY DESCRIPTIONS

Facility Type: Type II Landfill

Facility Name: Cedar Ridge Landfill

County: Charlevoix Location: Town T33N Range R7W Section(s) 19

Map identifying location included in Attachment Section: Yes No

If facility is an Incinerator or a Transfer Station, list the final disposal site and location for Incinerator ash or Transfer Station wastes:

Public x Private Owner: Waste Management, Inc.

Operating Status (check) Waste Types Received (check all that apply)

x open x residential

closed x commercial

x licensed x industrial

unlicensed x construction & demolition

construction permit x contaminated soils

open, but closure pending x special wastes *

other:

* Explanation of special wastes, including a specific list and/or conditions:

Foundry sand and flyash from East Jordan Iron Works.

Site Size:

Total area of facility property: 120 acres

Total area sited for use: 40 acres

Total area permitted: 40 acres

Operating: 21 acres

Not excavated: 0 acres

Current capacity: approx. 370,000 bank cubic yards

Estimated lifetime: 2.5 years

Estimated days open per year: 260 days

Estimated yearly disposal volume: 311,000 gate cubic yards

(if applicable)

Annual energy production:

Landfill gas recovery projects: NA megawatts

Waste-to-energy incinerators: NA megawatts

FACILITY DESCRIPTIONS

Facility Type: Type II Landfill

Facility Name: Glen’s Sanitary Landfill

County: Leelanau Location: Town T28N Range 13W Section(s) 35

Map identifying location included in Attachment Section: Yes No

If facility is an Incinerator or a Transfer Station, list the final disposal site and location for Incinerator ash or Transfer Station wastes:

Public Private Owner: Waste Management, Inc.

Operating Status (check) Waste Types Received (check all that apply)

x open x residential

closed x commercial

x licensed x industrial

unlicensed x construction & demolition

x construction permit x contaminated soils

open, but closure pending x special wastes *

other:

* Explanation of special wastes, including a specific list and/or conditions:

Asbestos (non-friable)

Site Size:

Total area of facility property: 460 acres

Total area sited for use: 133 acres

Total area permitted: 133 acres

Operating: 14.8 acres

Not excavated: 89.3 acres

Current capacity: 22,000,000 bank cubic yards

Estimated lifetime: 60 years

Estimated days open per year: 264 days

Estimated yearly disposal volume: 300,000 gate cubic yards

(if applicable)

Annual energy production:

Landfill gas recovery projects: NA megawatts

Waste-to-energy incinerators: NA megawatts

FACILITY DESCRIPTIONS

Facility Type: Type III Landfill

Facility Name: Ken’s Landfill

County: Grand Traverse Location: Town T27N Range R11W Section(s) NE1/4 of 7

Map identifying location included in Attachment Section: Yes No

If facility is an Incinerator or a Transfer Station, list the final disposal site and location for Incinerator ash or Transfer Station wastes:

Public x Private Owner: Waste Management, Inc.

Operating Status (check) Waste Types Received (check all that apply)

x open residential

closed commercial

x licensed industrial

unlicensed x construction & demolition

construction permit contaminated soils

open, but closure pending special wastes *

other:

* Explanation of special wastes, including a specific list and/or conditions:

Site Size:

Total area of facility property: 16.8 acres

Total area sited for use: 13.5 acres

Total area permitted: 13.5 acres

Operating: 6.0 acres

Not excavated: 1.0 acres

Current capacity: 150,000 bank cubic yards

Estimated lifetime: 2.0 years

Estimated days open per year: 240 days

Estimated yearly disposal volume: 70,000 gate cubic yards

(if applicable)

Annual energy production:

Landfill gas recovery projects: NA megawatts

Waste-to-energy incinerators: NA megawatts

FACILITY DESCRIPTIONS

Facility Type: Type II Landfill

Facility Name: City Environmental Svcs., Inc. of Waters (Crawford-Otsego Landfill)

County: Crawford Location: Town T28N Range R8E Section(s) 4

Map identifying location included in Attachment Section: Yes x No

If facility is an Incinerator or a Transfer Station, list the final disposal site and location for Incinerator ash or Transfer Station wastes:

Public x Private Owner: Waste Management, Inc.

Operating Status (check) Waste Types Received (check all that apply)

x open x residential

closed x commercial

x licensed x industrial

unlicensed x construction & demolition

x construction permit x contaminated soils

open, but closure pending x special wastes *

other:

* Explanation of special wastes, including a specific list and/or conditions:

not avail.

Site Size:

Total area of facility property: 252.20 acres

Total area sited for use: 252.20 acres

Total area permitted: 79.07 acres

Operating: 9.7 acres

Not excavated: 64.87 acres

Current capacity: 8,200,000 bank cubic yards

Estimated lifetime: >20 years

Estimated days open per year: 313 days

Estimated yearly disposal volume: 320,000 gate cubic yards

(if applicable)

Annual energy production:

Landfill gas recovery projects: NA megawatts

Waste-to-energy incinerators: NA megawatts

II-4 SOLID WASTE COLLECTION SERVICES AND TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE

The following describes the solid waste collection services and transportation infrastructure that will be utilized within the County to collect and transport solid waste.

SOLID WASTE COLLECTION SERVICES

Solid waste collection in Antrim County is handled almost entirely by the private sector.

Service Provider	Service Type	Service Area	Disposal Facility
Waste Management (WMI)	Residential, commercial	County-wide	Glen's Landfill (WMI)
Northern Quality	Residential	Bellaire, Mancelona
Waste Management (WMI)	Residential, commercial	Northern townships, and Alden, Atwood, Bellaire, Central Lake, Eastport, Ellsworth, Elk Rapids
Top Rank Disposal	Residential, commercial	Primarily two northern townships (Banks, Echo)
Plum Valley	Residential	Rapid River, Alden area
A&K Disposal	Residential	Southern part of County

RECYCLING COLLECTION SERVICES

Residential recycling opportunities mostly consist of a few limited drop-off facilities. Central Lake Township operates a collection center two days per week for residents in Central Lake and Torch Lake townships only. A local dairy farmer takes hoppers of fiber (mostly newsprint) for animal bedding. Other materials collection in Central Lake are serviced by Waste Management, Inc. (former USA Waste/United).

Service Provider	Service Type	Service Area	Recycling Facility
Waste Management (WMI)	Subscription curbside along U.S. 31 corridor	Elk Rapids	WMI (aka United Waste), Traverse City
Waste Management (WMI)	Drop-off collection	Central Lake Twp Elk Rapids	WMI (aka United Waste), Traverse City
Waste Management (WMI)	Commercial corrugated collection	County-wide	WMI (aka United Waste), Traverse City

The Village of Elk Rapids provides attended drop-off recycling station for residents of Village and four townships (Elk Rapids Twp, Milton Twp, Torch Twp, White Water Twp); Waste Management, Inc. provides a compactor for corrugated cardboard and roll-offs for glass, paper, tin, aluminum; HDPE is shredded on site and shipped to Clean Tech in Monroe. Residents can also drop off leaves and grass at the site, which are stockpiled near the site.

Some limited corrugated cardboard collection is available to businesses in the County through services of a private waste hauler.

YARD WASTE COLLECTION SERVICES

Service Provider	Service Type	Service Area	Compost Facility
Village of Bellaire	Drop-off	Bellaire residents	Village of Bellaire
Village of Elk Rapids	Drop-off and municipal collection	Elk Rapids residents	Village of Elk Rapids
Village of Mancelona	Drop-off	Mancelona residents	Mancelona Compost Facility
Central Lake Twp	Drop-off (leaves and grass)	Township residents	Compost site at Twp. Waste Receiving and Recycling Station

Overall, the recycling and composting opportunities in the County are viewed as limited by the County's Waste Reduction and Recycling Committee. Many county residents do not have access to drop-off facilities, particularly with the Mancelona drop-off facility recently closed. Curbside recycling services are available on a limited basis, by subscription, to residents living along the US-31 corridor, but participation is low due to the cost and lack of promotion of the service. Small and medium-sized businesses also have few opportunities to recycling cardboard and office paper.

II-5 EVALUATION OF DEFICIENCIES AND PROBLEMS

The following is a description of problems or deficiencies in the existing solid waste system.

Antrim County has experienced the same decline service provider options for solid waste as have neighboring communities. Although a few small haulers do remain in the area, the majority of County residents and businesses are now served by one hauler.

Antrim County residents have proven to be excellent recyclers and according to a recent survey done by the County's Waste Reduction Committee, residents are overwhelmingly supportive of increasing recycling services. Only a few, limited drop-off options are available, however, and services and promotion are not coordinated. Many residents are currently using drop-off stations in Grand Traverse County, due to convenience and proximity.

Incentives to reduce waste could also be improved through a more coordinated Pay as You Throw system for solid waste fees.

Finally, the county lacks coordinated processing options for both composting and recycling. Access to a regional facility continues to be the best option for recycling, however, some type of low tech, local compost site or land application program would help divert additional yard waste into composting.

II-6 DEMOGRAPHICS

The following section presents the current and projected population densities and centers for five and ten year periods, identification of current and projected centers of solid waste generation including industrial solid waste for five and ten year periods as related to the Selected Solid Waste Management System for the next five and ten year periods. Solid waste generation data is expressed in tons or cubic yards, and if it was extrapolated from yearly data, then it was calculated by using 365 days per year, or another number of days as indicated.

POPULATION

The table below shows the permanent population of Antrim County projected through the planning period. Additional adjustments for seasonal population change were made using a multiplier for each jurisdiction ranging from 1.1 (January to 1.36 (August). Adjusted population totals were multiplied by a per capita generation rate as shown in Table I.1

Antrim County Permanent Population

Municipality	1990	1998	2003	2008
Ellsworth village	418	477	505	531
Balance of Banks township	1095	1276	1370	1461
Central Lake village	954	1,102	1,178	1,250
Balance of Central Lake township	965	1125	1209	1289
Chestonia township	401	468	503	536
Custer township	630	734	789	841
Echo township	766	893	960	1024
Elk Rapids village	1626	1879	2008	2131
Balance of Elk Rapids township	748	873	938	1002
Ballair village (pt.)	483	555	591	625
Balance of Forest Home township	927	1081	1162	1239
Helena township	837	977	1049	1120
Jordan township	583	680	731	780
Bellair village (pt.)	621	710	753	793
Balance of Kearney township	866	991	1052	1109
Mancelona village	1370	1572	1672	1766
Balance of Mancelona township	1803	2100	2254	2404
Milton township	1468	1712	1839	1962
Star township	575	671	721	770
Torch Lake township	762	889	956	1021
Warner township	287	336	361	386
Antrim County Total	18,185	21,100	22,600	24,040

II-7 LAND DEVELOPMENT

The following describes current and projected land development patterns, as related to the Selected Solid Waste Management System, for the next five and ten year periods.

LAND USE

Allocation of land under current conditions is shown in the chart below.

Land Use Type	% County Land
Surface Water	8.3%
Developed Land	5.4%
State forest land	23%
Agriculture	23%
Total forested	48.2%

CENTERS OF SOLID WASTE GENERATION

The largest source of waste generation in the County is the residential sector, at approximately 9,254 tons in 1998, compared to 7,272 tons in the commercial/industrial sector. With a growing seasonal and tourist population, residential waste generation should continue as the dominant source of solid waste. This population growth is also expected to affect waste generation in the retail and service sectors, however, which together currently account for just under half the total commercial/industrial waste generated in the County.

II-8 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ALTERNATIVES

The Designated Planning Agency (DPA) and the Solid Waste Planning Committee (SWPC) completed a strategic planning process that outlined strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats that are part of the current and potential future solid waste management system that services the County. This analysis was used to create goals and objectives which are provided immediately after this Executive Summary. These goals and the strategic analysis formed the basis for developing the solid waste management strategy and the selected alternative that is described in this Plan as the Plan's Enforceable Program and Process as provided for in Part 115, Section 11533 (1) of the Michigan Natural Resources and Environmental Protection Act (NREPA).

In developing the Plan's Enforceable Program and Process the DPA and SWPC first screened out strategies that were technically or economically unsuitable for the County. Certain waste management technologies, incineration, for example, were determined based on historical data for the region to not be economically and technically appropriate for further analysis.

The DPA and SWPC then reviewed a set of remaining solid waste management program strategies in the following eight areas that were viewed as technically and economically feasible:

• Clean Community • Recycling Incentives

• Drop-Off Residential Recycling • Curbside Residential Recycling

• Residential Yard Waste Composting • Commercial Recycling

• Material Transfer and Processing • Disposal

These program strategies were assembled as six potential System Alternatives that varied by level of landfill diversion, capital and operating cost and implementation requirements:

A: Basic Waste Collection and Disposal Program

B: Level 1 Basic Clean Community and Drop-Off Recycling Program

C: Level 2 Expanded Clean Community and Drop-Off Recycling Program

D: Level 3 Expanded Clean Community and Curbside Recycling Program

E: Level 4 Expanded Clean Community and Comprehensive Recycling Program

F: Level 5 Advanced Recovery System

Each of the six options were then examined based on their key features, advantages, disadvantages, overall performance and cost impact and applicability for the county. These features were evaluated and ranked as they applied to Antrim County.

At this stage in the strategic planning process, some of the Strategic Alternatives were determined to be unsuitable for the County based on the evaluation and ranking of the overall technical and economic feasibility of each approach and its ability to:

• build on the strengths of the local and regional situation,

• address current deficiencies and weaknesses,

• work with organizational approaches that the County is willing to consider,

• be fundable through systems that the County can implement,

• respond to and build community involvement and support,

• be enforceable, and

• set measurable goals that can be tracked to determine progress.

System Alternatives "A" & "B" were determined to be economically feasible yet inadequate to reach the adopted Plan's Goals and Objectives which incorporate the hierarchy of "reduce, reuse, recycle" consistent with the state solid waste plan and which targeted significant diversion of solid waste from landfill disposal during the planning period. System Alternatives "E" & "F" were determined to be unachievable during the 10 year planning time frame given the technical and economic constraints of the existing solid waste management system and the current level of organization of system participants. Two of the strategic alternatives ("C" and "D") were further developed as Antrim County System Alternative 1 and Antrim County System Alternative 2, as described below, for further consideration in the strategic planning process.

ANTRIM COUNTY SYSTEM ALTERNATIVE 1:

Expanded Clean Community & Drop-Off Recycling Program is adapted from System Option C, Key features include a Clean Community program that operates at highly effective levels. Incentives to recycle boost program performance, increasing tons and lowering unit costs. Expanded recycling drop-off capabilities are made available throughout the County at permanent sites open for longer periods of time each week. Arrangements are made for processing of recyclables that allows complete or partial commingling of paper products (commingled fibers) and complete or partial commingling of containers (commingled containers), increasing the types of materials that can be recovered and further increasing overall convenience. Direct haul of collected solid waste to regional landfills would remain as the standard practice although more options for local drop-off by residents would become available.

ANTRIM COUNTY SYSTEM ALTERNATIVE 2:

Expanded Clean Community and Curbside Recycling Program is adapted from System Option D. Key features include a Clean Community program that operates at highly effective levels. Incentives to recycle boost program performance, increasing tons and lowering unit costs. Expanded recycling drop-off capabilities at one or more flagship sites increase options for recovering more materials. Curbside programs for cities, villages and towns are developed to increase convenience for large sectors of the population. Arrangements for commingled recycling processing capabilities as well as commercial recycling services are further developed to increase diversion. C&D recovery services are more closely coordinated with area service providers.

Organics management options exist throughout year with addition of drop-offs for yard waste, and active compost management systems. Active management of yard waste through composting would be pursued. Direct haul of collected solid waste to regional landfills would remain as the standard practice. A network of drop-off facilities for solid waste would be available including one or more flagship sites that took other types of waste (bulky, C&D, etc.) with this system preferably located at same sites as recycling drop-offs. A waste transfer facility would be planned should direct haul options for landfilling no longer be available or be cost prohibitive. The County collaborates with nearby counties on a ban on certain materials being landfilled targeted for 5 years away and coordinated between any available transfer stations as well as any of the regional disposal options.

THE PLAN'S SELECTED ALTERNATIVE

The strategic planning process was carried through to final conclusions regarding the program strategies that would make up the Plan's Selected Alternative and become the foundation for the Plan's Enforceable Program as required by statute. The strategic planning process included final evaluation and ranking against the criteria as well as surveying of the views of key stakeholders in the planning process, and others considered to be critical to implementation of the plan - primarily local government officials.

The DPA and SWPC concluded that implementing "Antrim County System Alternative 1" in a year 1 through 3 Phase 1 leading to a year 4 through 10 Phase 2 development of "Antrim County System Alternative 2" was the optimum choice as the Selected Alternative for the Plan's Enforceable Program. This Selected Alternative is described in the balance of the Plan with further detail provided in Appendix A of the Plan. Appendix B of the Plan contains further detail regarding the System Alternatives that were not selected as part of the Plan's Enforceable Program.

III-1 THE SELECTED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

The Selected Solid Waste Management System (Selected System) is a comprehensive approach to managing Antrim County’s solid waste and recoverable materials. The Selected System addresses the generation, transfer and disposal of the County’s solid waste. It aims to reduce the amount of solid waste sent for final disposal by volume reduction techniques and by various resource conservation and resource recovery programs. It also addresses collection processes and transportation needs that provide the most cost effective, efficient service to area residents and businesses. Proposed disposal area locations and capacity to accept solid waste are identified as well as program management, funding and enforcement roles for local agencies. Detailed information on recycling programs, evaluation, and coordination of the Selected System is included in Appendix B. Following is an overall description of the Selected System.

The County has selected a system alternative that is a combination of Alternative 1 and Alternative 2, modified to tailor the program specifics to the County's needs and phased in to allow system development to take place for the complete 10 year planning period.

During Years 1 through 3 of the Planning Period, the County will implement System Alternative 1 as follows:

ANTRIM COUNTY SYSTEM ALTERNATIVE 1
EXPANDED CLEAN COMMUNITY AND DROP-OFF RECYCLING PROGRAM

Antrim County Selected System Alternative Phase 1:
Detailed System Component Descriptions

Clean Community:

Recycling Incentives:

Proactive education and promotion strategies would encourage responsible solid waste management and strong reduce/reuse/recycle behavior. Pay As You Throw (PAYT) programs would be widespread throughout the County and heavily promoted. Recycling drop-offs would add more materials to encourage overall participation in program by more citizens and businesses. An ambitious outreach and education program would promote all aspects of the expanded system and improvements.

Drop-Off Residential Recycling:

Curbside Residential Recycling:

Subscription curbside recycling would be available for residents that were willing to make their own arrangements for the service with area haulers.

Residential Yard Waste Composting:

Fall leaf collection would be provided in Mancelona, Elk Rapids, Central Lake and Bellaire. Backyard composting would be encouraged through distribution of backyard bins at discount rates. At least one and possibly more permanent drop-off options for yard waste would be provided throughout the County. Elk Rapids would be a likely location for a permanent collection site for seasonal yard waste. Active management of yard waste through composting would be pursued.

Commercial Recycling:

Material Transfer and Processing:

Disposal:

During Years 4 through 10 of the Planning Period, the County will implement System Alternative 2 as follows:

ANTRIM COUNTY SYSTEM ALTERNATIVE 2
EXPANDED CLEAN COMMUNITY AND CURBSIDE RECYCLING PROGRAM

Key features include a Clean Community program that operates at highly effective levels making sure that disposal and recycling services are provided in all areas of the County. Incentives to recycle boost program performance, increasing tonnage and lowering unit costs. Expanded recycling drop-off capabilities are developed at one or more flagship sites with other drop-off sites provided on a permanent basis. Development of curbside programs for cities, villages and towns is pursued in order to increase convenience for large sector of population. Expanding the types of materials at both drop-offs and curbside is made possible through arrangements with a processing facility that is capable of accepting recyclables that are more commingled than current practice allows. Commercial recycling is also further developed to increase convenience and diversion. Organics management options are made available throughout the year with the addition of one or more drop-offs for yard waste. Active management of yard waste through composting would be pursued. The county would work with adjacent counties to coordinate on a ban on certain materials being landfilled with an effective date targeted for a period 5 years away should specific diversion levels not be reached. This is coordinated with adjacent counties and all available transfer stations and regional disposal options.

Antrim County Selected System Alternative Phase 2:
Detailed System Component Descriptions

Clean Community:

Comprehensive solid waste collection services would be made available to all households and businesses in the County. Illegal dumping and litter would be policed with enforcement of violations. Spring/fall cleanup days would be provided in more urban areas with scavenging/trading/reuse encouraged and recycling of as many materials left as possible. Household hazardous waste collection services would be provided including collection of agricultural pesticides and herbicides -- all coordinated from a single permanent drop-off site. Adopt a "____" programs would be organized with volunteers and business/service group sponsorship for periodic cleaning of roadsides, streambanks, lakeshores, parks and forests.

Recycling Incentives:

Proactive education and promotion strategies would encourage responsible solid waste management and strong reduce/reuse/recycle behavior. Pay As You Throw (PAYT) programs would be evaluated, refined and emphasized throughout the County in all solid waste collection arrangements. Recycling collection programs as well as drop-offs would add more materials to encourage overall participation in program by more citizens and businesses. The County would coordinate with the counties that they export waste to in order to implement a ban on landfilling of certain materials (cardboard and newspaper as examples) that would be targeted for an effective date 3 to 5 years in the future. This will provide a further incentive for increased adoption and participation in recovery programs.

Drop-Off Residential Recycling:

Curbside Residential Recycling:

Residential Yard Waste Composting:

Fall leaf collection would be provided in all villages/town/cities. Backyard composting would be encouraged through distribution of backyard bins at discount rates. A similar mulching mower program would encourage grass cycling. Permanent drop-off options for yard waste would be provided throughout the County with at least one "flagship" site taking all types of yard waste and providing finished compost for distribution to residents. Active management of yard waste through composting would be pursued.

Commercial Recycling:

Material Transfer and Processing:

Disposal:

The remainder of the descriptions that follow cover, as required by the Plan Format, the details regarding specific components of the Plan's Enforceable Program and Process, that answer the "who, what, when, where, and how" aspects of the Selected Alternative, including:

• Solid Waste Efforts including:
- Current and Future Import/Export Authorization and Related Conditions
- Disposal Areas to be Used in the Plan's Enforceable Program
- Solid Waste Collection Services and Transportation

• Resource Conservation Efforts, including:
- Projections of Diversion in Table III-1
- Waste Reduction, Recycling and Composting Programs
- Volume Reduction Techniques in Table III-2

• Resource Conservation Efforts, including:
- Overview of Resource Recovery Programs
- Recycling and Composting
- Details of Current and Future Programs in Tables III-3 through III-8
- Identification of Resource Recovery Management Entities
- Projections of Diversion in Table III-9
- Market Availability in Table III-10
- Educational and Informational Programs

These aspects of the Plan's Enforceable Program provide sufficient export capacity and specific disposal areas identified to document the necessary 10 years disposal capacity for the Planning Period. Further details on the "who, what, when, where, and how" of the Plan's Enforceable Program then continue with the following sections:

• Timetable for Selected System Implementation

• Siting Review Procedures

• Solid Waste Management Components

• Identification of Responsible Parties

• Local Ordinances and Regulations Affecting Solid Waste Disposal

• Capacity Certifications

III-2 IMPORT AUTHORIZATION

If a Licensed solid waste disposal area is currently operating within the County, disposal of solid waste generated by the EXPORTING COUNTY is authorized by the IMPORTING COUNTY up to the AUTHORIZED QUANTITY according to the CONDITIONS AUTHORIZED in Table 1-A.

Table 1-A: CURRENT IMPORT VOLUME AUTHORIZATION OF SOLID WASTE

IMPORTING COUNTY	EXPORTING COUNTY	FACILITY NAME¹	AUTHORIZED QUANTITY/ DAILY	AUTHORIZED QUANTITY/ ANNUAL	AUTHORIZED CONDITIONS²
Not Applicable

Additional authorizations and the above information for those authorizations are listed on an attached page.

____________________

¹ Facilities are only listed if the exporting county is restricted to using specific facilities within the importing county

² Authorization indicated by P = Primary Disposal; C + Contingency Disposal; * = Other conditions exist and detailed explanation is included in the Attachment Section

If a new solid waste disposal area is constructed and operating in the future in the County, then disposal of solid waste generated by the EXPORTING COUNTY is authorized by the IMPORTING COUNTY up to the AUTHORIZED QUANTITY according to the AUTHORIZED CONDITIONS in Table 1-B.

Table 1-B: FUTURE IMPORT VOLUME AUTHORIZATION OF SOLID WASTE CONTINGENT ON NEW FACILITIES BEING SITED

IMPORTING COUNTY	EXPORTING COUNTY	FACILITY NAME¹	AUTHORIZED QUANTITY/ DAILY	AUTHORIZED QUANTITY/ ANNUAL	AUTHORIZED CONDITIONS²
Not Applicable

Conditions for those authorizations are listed on an attached page.

____________________

¹ Facilities are only listed if the exporting county is restricted to using specific facilities within the importing county

² Authorization indicated by P = Primary Disposal; C = Contingency Disposal; * = Other conditions exist and detailed explanation is included in the Attachment Section

Table 1-B Attachments Section
FUTURE IMPORT VOLUME AUTHORIZATION OF SOLID WASTE
CONTINGENT ON NEW FACILITIES BEING SITED

Not applicable

II-3 EXPORT AUTHORIZATION

If a Licensed solid waste disposal area is currently operating within another County, disposal of solid waste generated by the EXPORTING COUNTY is authorized up to the AUTHORIZED QUANTITY according to the CONDITIONS AUTHORIZED in Table 2-A if authorized for import in the approved Solid Waste Management Plan of the receiving County.

Table 2-A: CURRENT EXPORT VOLUME AUTHORIZATION OF SOLID WASTE

IMPORTING COUNTY***	EXPORTING COUNTY	FACILITY NAME¹	AUTHORIZED QUANTITY/ DAILY	AUTHORIZED QUANTITY/ ANNUAL	AUTHORIZED CONDITIONS²
Crawford	Antrim	CES Waters	NA	NA	P *
Leelanau	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P * & **
Manistee	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Grand Traverse	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P * & **
Chippewa	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Presque Isle	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Charlevoix	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Montmorency	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Wexford	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Bay	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Clare	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Wayne	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Monroe	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Washtenaw	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Calhoun	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Ottawa	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Kent	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Midland	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Shiawasee	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Genesee	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Saginaw	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *

X Condition for those authorizations are listed on an attached page.

____________________

¹ Facilities are only listed if the exporting county is restricted to using specific facilities within the importing county

² Authorization indicated by P = Primary Disposal; C + Contingency Disposal; * & ** = Other conditions exist and detailed explanation is included in the Attachment Section on the following page

*** See attached letter received on November 22, 2000 from Russell J. Harding, Director of Michigan Department of Environmental Quality.

Table 2-A Attachments Section: CURRENT EXPORT VOLUME AUTHORIZATION OF SOLID WASTE

* Condition for Current Exports:

If a Solid Waste Transfer Station Disposal area is developed, as described in this Plan, then export of Type II and Type III waste will be allowed to the identified counties only if such waste collected for export is collected in compliance with all applicable laws, ordinances, rules and regulations of the Antrim County Solid Waste Management System, consistent with the Plan's Enforceable Program. Special Industrial Waste shall be exempt from these conditions. All other wastes will be exempt from these conditions only on a temporary basis in the event of a temporary shutdown of the solid waste facilities provided for in the Plan's Enforceable Program and then only until such time that those facilities again begin to operate.

** Condition for Current Exports:

For export to these Counties to be consistent with import restrictions imposed by those counties then recycling, composting and household hazardous waste programs must be in place in Antrim County as specified in the Reciprocal Agreement shown in the Attachments section. No waste may be exported unless the receiving county authorizes import from Antrim County in its Plan.

No waste may be exported unless the receiving county authorizes imports from Antrim County in its Plan.

If a new solid waste disposal area is constructed and operates in the future in another County, then disposal of solid waste generated by the EXPORTING COUNTY is authorized up to the AUTHORIZED QUANTITY according to the AUTHORIZED CONDITIONS in Table 2-B if authorized for import in the approved Solid Waste Management Plan of the receiving County.

Table 2-B: FUTURE EXPORT VOLUME AUTHORIZATION OF SOLID WASTE CONTINGENT ON NEW FACILITIES BEING SITED

IMPORTING COUNTY	EXPORTING COUNTY	FACILITY NAME¹	AUTHORIZED QUANTITY/ DAILY	AUTHORIZED QUANTITY/ ANNUAL	AUTHORIZED CONDITIONS²
Crawford	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Leelanau	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Manistee	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Mecosta	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Chippewa	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Presque Isle	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Charlevoix	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Montmorency	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Wexford	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Bay	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Clare	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Osceola	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Muskegon	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Saginaw	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Sanilac	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Ottawa	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Kent	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Clinton	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Shiawasee	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Genesee	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Kalamazoo	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Barry	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Ingham	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Oakland	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Macomb	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Calhoun	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Jackson	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Washtenaw	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Wayne	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Berrien	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
St. Joseph	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Lenawee	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Monroe	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *

X Conditions for those authorizations are listed on an attached page.

____________________

¹ Facilities are only listed if the exporting county is restricted to using specific facilities within the importing county

² Authorization indicated by P = Primary Disposal; C + Contingency Disposal; * = Other conditions exist and detailed explanation is included in the Attachment Section on the following page.

Table 2-B (continued): FUTURE EXPORT VOLUME AUTHORIZATION OF SOLID WASTE CONTINGENT ON NEW FACILITIES BEING SITED

IMPORTING COUNTY	EXPORTING COUNTY	FACILITY NAME¹	AUTHORIZED QUANTITY/ DAILY	AUTHORIZED QUANTITY/ ANNUAL	AUTHORIZED CONDITIONS²
Midland	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P *
Montcalm	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P*
Menominee	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P*
Delta	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P*
Ontonagon	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P*
Emmet	Antrim	NA	NA	NA	P*

Table 2-B Attachments Section: FUTURE EXPORT VOLUME AUTHORIZATION OF SOLID WASTE CONTINGENT ON NEW FACILITIES BEING SITED

* Condition for Future Exports:

III- 4 SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL AREAS

The following identifies the names of existing disposal areas which will be utilized to provide the required capacity and management needs for the solid waste generated within Antrim County for the next five years and, if possible, the next ten years. Descriptions of the solid waste disposal facilities located outside of the County which will be utilized by the County for the planning period follow. Additional facilities within the County with applicable permits and licenses may be utilized as they are sited by this Plan, or amended into this Plan, and become available for disposal. If this Plan update is amended to identify additional facilities in other counties outside the County, those facilities may only be used if such import is authorized in the receiving County's Plan. Facilities outside of Michigan may also be used if legally available for such use.

Type II Landfill:		Type A Transfer Facility:
Kalkaska-Antrim Transfer Station operated by Northern A-1*		Emmet County Transfer Station
Cedar Ridge Landfill (WMI)		Plum Valley Transfer Station
Glen's Sanitary Landfill (WMI)
Dafter Sanitary Landfill		Type B Transfer Facility:
CES Waters Landfill (WMI)		Central Lake Township Transfer Station
Elk Run Sanitary Landfill (Republic)		Elsworth Transfer Station
Whitefeather Landfill		Village of Elk Rapids Transfer Station
Montmorency-Oscoda Joint Sanitary Landfill
Manistee County Landfill (aka Harland's)
Northern Oaks Recycling/Disposal Facility
Wexford County Landfill

Type III Landfill:		Processing Plant:
Ken's Landfill (WMI)		Emmet County Recycling Facility

Incinerator:		Waste Piles:

Waste-to-Energy Incinerator:		Other:

Additional facilities are listed on an attached page. Letters from or agreements with the listed disposal areas owners/operators stating their facility capacity and willingness to accept Antrim County's solid waste are in the Attachments Section.

* See attached letter received on November 22, 2000 from Russell J. Harding, Director of Michigan Department of Environmental Quality.

FACILITY DESCRIPTIONS

Facility Type: Type A Transfer Station

Facility Name: Kalkaska/Antrim Transfer Station (Northern A-1 Services)

County: Kalkaska Location: Town T27N Range R7W Section(s) 4

Map identifying location included in Attachment Section: x Yes No

If facility is an Incinerator or a Transfer Station, list the final disposal site and location for Incinerator ash or Transfer Station wastes: Glen's Landfill or CES Waters Landfill

Public x Private Owner: U.S. Liquids

Operating Status (check) Waste Types Received (check all that apply)

x open x residential

closed x commercial

x licensed x industrial

unlicensed x construction & demolition

construction permit x contaminated soils

open, but closure pending special wastes *

other:

* Explanation of special wastes, including a specific list and/or conditions:

Site Size:

Total area of facility property: not applicable(NA)acres

Total area sited for use: NA acres

Total area permitted: acres

Operating: acres

Not excavated: acres

Current capacity:

Estimated lifetime: years

Estimated days open per year: 312 days

Estimated yearly disposal volume: NA

(if applicable)

Annual energy production:

Landfill gas recovery projects: NA megawatts

Waste-to-energy incinerators: NA megawatts

FACILITY DESCRIPTIONS

Facility Type: Type II Landfill

Facility Name: Cedar Ridge Landfill

County: Charlevoix Location: Town T33N Range R7W Section(s) 19

Map identifying location included in Attachment Section: Yes No

If facility is an Incinerator or a Transfer Station, list the final disposal site and location for Incinerator ash or Transfer Station wastes:

Public x Private Owner: Waste Management, Inc.

Operating Status (check) Waste Types Received (check all that apply)

x open x residential

closed x commercial

x licensed x industrial

unlicensed x construction & demolition

construction permit x contaminated soils

open, but closure pending x special wastes *

other:

* Explanation of special wastes, including a specific list and/or conditions:

Foundry sand and flyash from East Jordan Iron Works.

Site Size:

Total area of facility property: 120 acres

Total area sited for use: 40 acres

Total area permitted: 40 acres

Operating: 21 acres

Not excavated: 0 acres

Current capacity: approx. 370,000 bank cubic yards

Estimated lifetime: 2.5 years

Estimated days open per year: 260 days

Estimated yearly disposal volume: 311,000 gate cubic yards

(if applicable)

Annual energy production:

Landfill gas recovery projects: NA megawatts

Waste-to-energy incinerators: NA megawatts</

February 18, 2000

I-1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

OVERVIEW OF THE COUNTY

1998 Estimated Seasonal Population - Antrim County

THE SOLID WASTE PLANNING PROCESS

THE PLAN'S SELECTED ALTERNATIVE

AUTHORIZED MANAGEMENT COMPONENT

TIMETABLE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE PLAN'S ENFORCEABLE PROGRAM

I-2 INTRODUCTION

GOALS AND OBJECTIVES

II-1 DATA BASE

Table II-1 Residential Waste Generation by Municipality

COMMERCIAL/INDUSTRIAL WASTE GENERATION

Table II-2 Commercial/Industrial Waste Generation

MAJOR WASTE GENERATORS

SPECIAL WASTE STREAMS

TOTAL QUANTITY OF SOLID WASTE GENERATED:

TOTAL WASTE DISPOSAL

II-2 SOLID WASTE DISPOSAL AREAS

II-3 SOLID WASTE FACILITY DESCRIPTIONS

II-4 SOLID WASTE COLLECTION SERVICES AND TRANSPORTATION INFRASTRUCTURE

SOLID WASTE COLLECTION SERVICES

Service Provider

RECYCLING COLLECTION SERVICES

YARD WASTE COLLECTION SERVICES

II-5 EVALUATION OF DEFICIENCIES AND PROBLEMS

II-6 DEMOGRAPHICS

POPULATION

II-7 LAND DEVELOPMENT

CENTERS OF SOLID WASTE GENERATION

II-8 SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT ALTERNATIVES

THE PLAN'S SELECTED ALTERNATIVE

III-1 THE SELECTED SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM

III-2 IMPORT AUTHORIZATION

Table 1-A: CURRENT IMPORT VOLUME AUTHORIZATION OF SOLID WASTE

Table 1-B: FUTURE IMPORT VOLUME AUTHORIZATION OF SOLID WASTE CONTINGENT ON NEW FACILITIES BEING SITED

Table 1-B Attachments Section FUTURE IMPORT VOLUME AUTHORIZATION OF SOLID WASTE CONTINGENT ON NEW FACILITIES BEING SITED

II-3 EXPORT AUTHORIZATION

Table 2-A: CURRENT EXPORT VOLUME AUTHORIZATION OF SOLID WASTE

Table 2-A Attachments Section: CURRENT EXPORT VOLUME AUTHORIZATION OF SOLID WASTE

Table 2-B: FUTURE EXPORT VOLUME AUTHORIZATION OF SOLID WASTE CONTINGENT ON NEW FACILITIES BEING SITED

Table 2-B (continued): FUTURE EXPORT VOLUME AUTHORIZATION OF SOLID WASTE CONTINGENT ON NEW FACILITIES BEING SITED

Table 2-B Attachments Section: FUTURE EXPORT VOLUME AUTHORIZATION OF SOLID WASTE CONTINGENT ON NEW FACILITIES BEING SITED

Table 1-B Attachments Section
FUTURE IMPORT VOLUME AUTHORIZATION OF SOLID WASTE
CONTINGENT ON NEW FACILITIES BEING SITED